Biomarkers

A biomarker, or biological marker, generally refers to a measured characteristic which may be used as an indicator of some biological state or condition. [1] Some examples of biomarkers are serum cholesterol, fasting glucose, blood pressure, heart rate, body mass index (BMI), etc.

Biomarker Descriptions

Descriptions of various biomarkers and how they may be relevant to ApoE4 carriers.

LDL-C

Low density lipoprotein cholesterol. ApoE4 is associated with high LDL. [2]

LDL-P

LDL particle number. Recent research indicates LDL-P is a more accurate predictor of cardiovascular disease. [3] [4] LDL-P can be measure with the #NMR LipoProfile test.

Tests

Many tests can be ordered through a primary doctor and health insurance. Another option is to order them directly from a major national lab, like LabCorp, through DirectLabs.com or PrivateMDLabs.com.

NMR LipoProfile

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance lipoprotein profile. A LipoScience proprietary test that measures cholesterol particle numbers (e.g. LDL-P) and size, in addition to the standard lipid profile. e.g. MDLabTests NMR Lipoprofile

Peter Attia explains with his customary thoroughness and lucidity why the LDL-P from this test is valuable and why the LDL number from traditional lipid panels should be ignored. On a related note, if you're stuck with a standard lipid profile, the triglycerides / HDL quotient has emerged as our best CVD predictor. Opinions about target values vary - Peter Attia suggests <1.0 in this article - and this study is notable for partitioning 4,963 healthy adults into quartiles by TG/HDL distribution. The 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles were 0.66, 1.1, and 1.8. -

ApoE4-Community Test Results

Actual test results of ApoE4 carriers. Spreadsheet is intended to be sorted by LDL-P.

{{#widget:Google Spreadsheet |key=0AueiL_7-hYcvdEpvN0IySmdZSzhwSENncHAzbU9BYkE |width=100% |height=600 }}

The source document is a Google spreadsheet located on the apoe4.info Google Drive (password: apoe4apoe4). This spreadsheet can be edited by anyone. The columns are intended to be narrow to view as much data as possible at one time - this means column titles are abbreviated. Google spreadsheets do not support rotating text, like Microsoft Excel. All updates will be automatically published and viewable on this page.

Google Spreadsheet example to insert row sorted by LDL-P:

1. left-click left-most row number with LDL-P just larger than new LDL-P number (the entire row will be highlighted)
2. right-click Insert 1 above
3. TC/H and TG/H are equations - select those cells above or below new ones, <Ctrl>-c to copy equation, select new cell and <Ctrl>-v to paste

Google Spreadsheet example for web link:

1. right-click forum topic or reply link, select Copy shortcut
2. in the following hyperlink example, select first field between double-quotes, right-click past, edit second field between quotes with desired display text
   =hyperlink("apoe4.info/forums/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=259";"MarkES NMR Results")
3. select newly created hyperlink starting from = and ending in ), right-click copy, select spreadsheet cell location and keyboard <Ctrl>-v to paste

This Google Spreadsheet is visible on this webpage by using the Google Spreadsheet Widget. The following items only need to be done one time and is listed here as instruction for any new spreadsheets that may want to use this same method.

• Publish Google spreadsheet - the Google spreadsheet must be published to the web (File->Publish to the web..., click start publishing).
• Copy link key - the key value to use in the widget is shown in the File->Publish "Get a link to the published data" link.
• Optionally share doc to be public on the web - File->Share... who has access - public on the web